Electric heater.



3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

PATENTED $191.21, 1908.

H DOLIER, JR ELECTRIC HEATER. APPLICATION FILED JAN.13,1906.

QUifmzoaeo PATENTED JAN. 21, 1908.

H. DOLIER, JR. EL

APPLICATION rum) 11mm, 1906.

EGTRIG HEATER.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N I C No. 877,171 PATENTED JAN. 21, 1908.

H. DOLIER, JR: BLEGTRIG HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.13, 1906 d SHEETS-SHEET 3.

mm. Luwul y d I a iii E 'fwmom ge vim) (M E v mm w w M r a heater. Fig. l represents e form of switch and electricity in an electric water heater.

nnnnv nouns, in, or YPHZ GEORGE w.

No. 877,1 7. Specification 0: letters Application filed January 13 To all whom it may concern:

Be it lmown that l, issuer Dllmnn. 512, e citizen of the United States, resisting in the city and county of P'liiledelpliie, State of Pennsylvania, have invented. a new and useful Electric Heater, of which the following is at specification.

The purpose of my invention to provi a novel construction end arrangement oil electric Water heating units.

A further object of my invention vi le ready operation of the some in eithe series or parallel.

A further objectof my invention to V the character of operation, whether series or perellel, within the control oi the local operator.

Eifurther object of my invention is to provis for tliernmstetic control of an electric hen A further object of my ivention is taprovitle for coincident zt1i plicstion of water and electricity to an electric Water heater.

A further object of my invention is to re strict the temperature of my electric heater.

A further object ofmy invention is to proville for con'iplete circulation of the tester about the heating elements 'A further object of my invention is vide interchanges 'le standard units complete series-1nultiple control.

A further object of my invention is to provide lor the application of a. standard tl-iephlegm thermostat for the protection of on electricwater heater against excessive ternpera-ture and. pressures.

further object or" my invention is to provide for the automatic control of the Wetr to orcv I! witn e Figure 1 represents standard electric heeting units with seriesonultiple control. Fig. 2 represents a. modified term of beet-er. Fig.

3 represents a. further modification applied to suitable for use in connection with my heater. Fig. 5 represents a. modified form of current control by Water flow. Fig. orepresents a further modification in the fern: of heater wliiclrlnay be used. .Fig. 17 re-resents an electric heating device partly in elevation end partly in section with diagrammatic Wiring. Fig. 8 represents a (lBlJEtil of e portion oiFig. 7. v 9 end lurepresent elevations of modifications of details of portions or '3.

OF ELKINS PARK.

1996. Ee'rial To.

Q electric nests tempere'ture, preferably concentric s ing spaces 7 end space 7 is l a. passage we oei trounced mete l affording 2. means by Wl'ncl. ternperotnie the outer shell 6 1s pt moricrate notwithstanding the reletivel high tempercture of the inner shell; the '15 w y. H w im.. iilfinl: one the wot-e1 eonteinecl. iln o jovioe an aperture by which Water introduced 'tln-ough the pipe 14 or in t suitolile nmnner or tirougli tel nvy be withdrawn if tie-sired. the pine 12 i provide valves 25, 16

and Within tli ipe 1 s I provide a $33 by T-soil the now or water tlrrongli se. 'erelp'ipes may be controlled.

1 supply electric current to the lies-tine" ments 4 by means of plugs 19 and 20 are electrically connected to any source current in any suitable manner end. i shown these plugs es connected in it will be evident that these connection may be made in series or that control of the series or parallel or series-perellei arrangement of I these heating elements may be determined by outside switches if desired.

l i liile the lements shown consist oi lyit t'tvo, arranged for permanent connection tor 'pes 12, lZZe'nli 1%, it will be evil that mole th ir; two elements can be 17.

tel.

two standard units are connected, it will be evident that the water may be drawn through the pipe 12, downwardly through the element 8, upwardly through the element 2 and out through the pipe 12 making a complete series arrangement of thetwo units, the valves 15 and 17 being opened and the valves 16 and 18 being closed. lt'will be evident also that the valve 35 may be closed andthe valves 16, 17 and 18 may be opened, in which case the flow of current will be through the pipe 14 upwardly through both of the units 2 and 3,inmultiplo and outwardly from both units through pipe 12. This arrangement contemplates the connection of both pipes 12 and 14 to cold water supply pipes and the withdrawal of the hot'water in either case through the pipe 12 and any suitable faucet. It will be evident that this pipe may be connected to either a hot or cold water faucet with proper valve control and that the flow of water in that case may be through a single heating unit 3 and pipe 14 to the hot water faucet. 4

' in the drawings I have shown the shell 5 apertured at 21 to permit free admission of water from the passage 9. It will be evident that this shell may be terminated at 22 and a separate shell be used for the lower part 23 of the same or that this lower portion 23 may be omitted or be an integral part of the frame. is shown in l, the portion 23 of this shell performs the function of pressing the gasket 24 in place and that this guslrct may be composed of any elastic or other suitable material for packing purposes. in place of either of the units 3 and 4 I may use a diltorent type of heating unit such as shown in Figs. :2, 3 or 6 or any other suitable type of heating unit.

11 the type shown in 1* ig. 2, I have illus tratcd a single heating unit adapted for fixed attachn'iont upon any suitablestand or basin. in this form i have provided a base 25 in connection with the cold water supply pipes-and having an outlet tube or faucet pipe 26 controlled by valve 27 and handle 28. This valve may be of any desired typo permitting ess of water under pressure at all times to e or the valve 27 may be of a concnal type and the water may have to valve 2?)" through a separate pipe. 'llc 2!) controls this valve 28 by pindlc 30 upon the opposite cud of which is placed a ucdgwshapcd lever 31, shown in ope. )ositiou and the path of move- 5 ment is such t at at the same time water is permitted to the passage 32, this valve presses spring contact 33 against contact 34 closing an electric circuit at this point. The water flowing in the passage 32 in the direction of the arrows passes upwardly upontho outside of the coil 35 of the electric heater 36. The outlet forthis Water is through pipe 37 and flared at its lower end at to reduce the friction from cross currents. The l low of the currents upwardly through the coil is prevented by baftie plate-39 which necessitates the water current coming in c ntact with both the outside and inside of the coil 35 of the heater 36. This insures a maximum of contact of the water with the elements of the heater. The current is supplied for the electric heater by means of wires 40 and 41, the current passing completely through the coil in both directions thus passing in at the end 42, traversing the entire length of the coil, reversing in direction at the end of the coil and traversing the entire length of the coil in the opposite direction toits exit point at the end 42. In the illustration the nozzles 26 and 43 are shown at right angles to each other for convenience of illustration. it is evidently not essential that this be the case, the nozzle 43 being permissibly and perhaps preferably above and almost in line with the nozzle 2-6. The outer shell 4.4 and cap 45 of this heater are protected by an additional shell and air or other heat insulating means such as are shown at 6 and S, in Fig. 1. Contacts 33 and 34 may be insulated in any desired manner normally from each other and always from the other parts or fittings of my faucet heater by insulation 46. I have shown a ballle plate 3%) mounted upon standards 47 and have shown shell 44 supported by the water connectim pipe 48. Either of these may be additionally or difl'erently su ported. l have shown nozzle 43 and H110 tubing 4!) ol" the coil 35 packed in any suitable manner at 50. it will be evident that any method. of tightening this point may be used. The cap 45 is shown as separate from the shell 44. This separability may be accomplished as shown by friction or any other suitable manner permitting the removal of the cap.

The form shown in Fig. 3 diii'ers from the form shown in Fig. 2 in that it is intended for temporary connection. it also dillers in the form of valve and in the means of making cloctric contact. I have illustratinl a gate valve 51 opening by downward pressure of he contacts 55 and 58 are insues 591 The contact 55is attached to 2 and forms electric connection, g; the circuit of the electric current ough contacts 55 and 58. he switch shown in e is intended a ntional illustration of one form of which is suitable for use to'malre elecontact at the same time that the water in this form of switch '60 is arranged in proximity to u'indle '61 of the valve 62 in the pipes 63,

lead to the heater. The electric ciris normally interrupted between the :and 65. The contact piece 66 carried slay the spindle 6i and insulated therethrough at 67 makes contact between the plates, strips or springs 64 and when water valve is opened.

6 illustrates in section, a form of outer cover and interior heat element w ic maybe used, providing a spiral path it tiie travel of the water between the casing and heat element.

in the form shown in Fig. 7, l have shown two points of possible interruption of the cir cuit, one corresponding to the point of interruption previously described by which the current is thrown on when the valve is opened and the other, automatic, in which contact or lack of contact is dependent uponthe temperature of the heat element and adjoining space. This is my thermostatic contrcland is accomplished by the insertion of a standard diaphragm thermostat whose diapiuagmis in connection with the space 7 and which carries a contact normally touching a contact upon the frame of the stand or other fixed' point to secure continuity of electric circuit, but automatically withdrawn from this connection with excessive temperature (or perl'iaps in some instances pressure). I have shown this thermostat in Figs. 7 and 8 as operating to break circuit under different conditions, in Fig. 7 by downward movement and in Fig. 8 by upward movement of the diaplnagms. In these forms I provide the valve handle 68 having thereon and insulated therefrom a contact plate 69 having two ears 70 and 71 in such positionthat these touch the contacts 72 and 73 when the valve is open to allow passage of the water. e extent. of movement of the plate necesto make and permitting the retention of this contact can be controlled readily by the angular position and extent of these cars or of the contact 72 and 73. It will evidently be necessary to have contact made before a very great supply of water has been permitted to pass through the valve and to have this contact maintained from this point, preferably to and until the valve is completely opened. it will be evident that contact of the ears with the points 72 and 73 may be maintained by using valve of such character thatthero is no longitudinal travel of the stem carrying this plate 69 with movement the valve or by distributing the contacts .72 and 73 spi-- rally along the track as at 7 X, Fig. i(-) so that contact is maintained throughout the spiral movement of the plate 69. evidently also be itself formed in a spiral as "at69, Fig. 9 making contact w th point 72.

in connection with the passage '7 or the space 11 and preferably well above the center ofthe passage 7, I place a pipe or passage 7a which is connected to a standard diaphragm thermostat of either of the types 75'or 76 which by movement in a downward direction in the case of 75 and in an upward direction in the case of 7 6, separates two electric contacts 77 and 7%; in the form shown in Fig. 7, 77 and 78 in the form shown in Fig. 8. These contacts are normally together complet'mg an electric circuit at this point which may be briefly traced as follows reierrhig to Fig. 7. From the dynamo or other source of power 80 through a socket S1 to the plug 82 by which the particular connection desired may be temporarily obtained or through the :(QlilGCh house wiring current is supplied to conductor 83, thence to contact 72, through plate 69, when the valve is turned on to contact '73, thence by conductor 84 to and through con tact 77 and 78 by conductor 85 to one terminal 86 of the heater 4 through the coil 87 of said heater and the other terminal by means of conductor 89 to the other side of the plug 82 or of the house wiring.

The two points of possible interruption already noted are at the standard diaphragm thermostat and the valve handle. As is well known by the operation of the thermostat mentioned it can be set to operate at any desired temperature or can be regulated when in place for a suitable temperature. In consequence, ii there be a rise of temperature in the passage 7 for any reason beyond the desired point usually about about two hundred degrees the electric circuit will be broken and the current will be turned oil. It will be e erated by hot air, water or steam and will therefore operate whether there be any stoppage in the supply or in complete'supply of water tothe heater or not.

The switch controlled by the valve handle 68 may apply the current to the circuit directly as indicated in Fig. 7 or indirectly as indicated in Figs. 11 and 12. In these figures the point of thermostatic control of current is indicated at 7 7 ,78 the heatersby their coils 87 and the-points of actual valve control of the current 90 and 91. These points of contact are in the form of a switch normally spring-controlled at 92 to remain in open position but whose levers 93 form armatures for an electro-magnet 9a. The current for the electro-magnet is supplied in the form shown in Fig- 11 by a battery 95 indicative oiany This plate .may I 96 and 97 and reduced within desirable current quantities by the resistance of electroma 'net independent source of current supply and in I the orin shown in Fig. 12 by a s unt from them ain heating current tapped therefrom at andif required, a resistance 98. Each oi the clectro-magnetic circuits shown is normally open at oint 72, 73 and is closed at these points w en the water is turned on by means of strip 7 0 attached to spindle 99 upon which is mounted the valve handle 68. It will thus be seen that in each of these forms it is possible to control a current of any desirable strength for heating purposes with entire safety independently of the possible accidental completion of the circuit at the handle contacts because it is possible to use currents ofextremcly low potential, and small. amperage for all that portion of the circuit which lies within the range of possible accidental interference.

In the form shown in Fig. 5 I have illustrated another form of automatic contact formation. In this form two contact strips 100 and 101 are insulated at 102 and are within a path of movement of one end 103 of a lever 104, the other end 105 is within the path of movement of the water. This valve operates through an aperture 106 which is kept closed against escape of the water by any suitable gasket or valve closure such as is illustrated at 107. The exact form of closure which is used at this point does not comprise a part of my invention.

I am aware of an application filed by George Elkins of even. date herewith, showing and describing some or"- the same constructions herein illustrated.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters .latent,

l In a device of the character described, a plurality of water heating units each having a heat element and connections forminga passage thereabout with means for connecting the water passages of said units 1n series or in parallel at will and means for causing, a flow of electric current through said heat element.

2. In a device oi the character described, an electric water heater, having a passage therethrough, a thermostat in fluid connection with said passage and an electric circuit feeding the heating element of said heater and, having points of. contact within control of said thermostat.

3. ln a device of the character described, an electric heater, an electric circuit controlling said heater, a point of interruption in said circuit within temperature control from said heater and a further point of interruption in said circuit within automatic control of the passage or non-passage of water I through said heater.

5. In a device of the character described, a

casing, an electric heater within said casing in the form of a shell therein, a batlle plate closing the end of said shell, inlet and outlet water connections for said heater upon opmsite sides of said balile plate and in prcxunity thereto and means for automatically causing the current to flow through the heating element when water is allowed to pass through the heater.

6. In a device of the character described, a

water heater, a casing and a heating element in the form of a shell, a baffle plate closing one end of the shell, water conncctmns cans-- mg water to low around the shell upon. both sides thereof and means causing an electric current to flow through said heating element.

7. In a device of the character described, a

casing, an electric heater within said casing in the form of a shell therein, a haiil'e plate closing the end of the shell, means for pass ing water from one side of said bafile plate to the opposite side thereot, and means for causing a current of electricity to flow through the heating elements concurrently therewith.

8. In a device of the character described, a

casing, a heat element therein forming a shell closed at one end, means for admitting and withdrawing water upon opposite sides of the closed end, and means for causing ele'c tricity to llow through the heating element when water is admitted and withdrawn.

9. In a device of the character described, a casing, a heatv element therein in the form of a shell closed at one end, inlet and outlet passages for water, one of which is within the shell, and means for causing a current of electricity to [low through the heating element.

, HENRY DOLIER, JR. Witnesses:

WM. CANER Wmnnasamr, O. D. M VAY. 

